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Physics Help needed....

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5054/P2/2010 10 (d): If air bubbles form, brake system will be less effective. Hydraulic fluid in brake system has very low compressibility. Air bubbles have very high compressibility. Force applied on master piston will compress air bubbles instead of moving the slave pistons. i.e. reduced force arrives at the slave pistons.

5054/P2/2008 11 (b): Gamma rays go straight -- they're not affected by magnetic fields. The particles will turn on a plane perpendicular to magnetic field (which is going from North to South). Alpha particles curve away from observer, into the page, beta particles curve in the opposite direction. Beta particles have smaller turning radius than alpha particles. (see attached diagram.

5054/P2/2007:
2 (b):
Amount of energy needed, Q = mL (mass x specific latent heat);
We don't have m, but we do have density and volume ( density = mass / volume ); so by substituting mass ( = density x volume), we can solve the question easily by digging out the calculator.

6 (a):
Use the right hand grip rule, the diagram shows a cross-section of the tube, which is in fact a solenoid. Pretend you are gripping a magnet, with your fingers curling out of the page at the bottom and into the page at the top. If you do it right, your thumb will point to the left of the page. That's the north pole of the magnetic field produced. Field lines will form ellipses and one straight line pointing from right to left down the middle of the gap. I recommend drawing either 2 or 3 ellipses on each side, the top ones with arrows pointing clockwise, the bottom ones anti-clockwise.
 
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