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Thank you so much, it is great that you elaborate so well so the concept seems simple!
Can you help me with the following questions too...
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PVC has single bonds because the double bonds breaks in chloroethene so always the single sigma bonds are stronger right?Though answer is B
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I thought answer should be simply be A, and besides even in data booklet atomic radii of Neon is not mentioned so how is the answer D?
I am asking many question to you but seems like you are genius at chemistry...
Thanks a tonne!
Q23 - When bond length increases, bond strength decreases. The change from chloroethene to PVC is from double bond to single bond. Double bonds are short meaning it is a strong bond (if you think about it, they are strong because you have sigma and pi bonding, hence more orbital overlap and therefore a stronger bond). Single bonds are long, meaning the bond is weak. Therefore the change is from strong, short double bonds in chloroethene to long, weak single bonds in PVC.
Q12 -Actually the option A is going in the order of decreasing size. Since for N, O and F, all the electrons are in the same principal quantum shell or energy level, the extra number of electrons you are putting from N, O and F doesn´t affect much the size of the atom. However, from N, O and F you are increasing the number of protons, meaning that the nuclear charge will pull those electrons closer to the nucleus, thus reducing the size of the atom. D is the correct answer because if you see, the number of electrons for each is the same, so it now it only depends on the number of protons. The one with the highest nuclear charge will pull those electrons closer to the nucleus, reducing the size of the particle and the one with the lowest nuclear charge won´t pull the electrons as much, so the electrons will be further away from the nucleus and therefore the particle is bigger. The one with the highest number of protons is Na+ and the one with the least is F-.
Hope it helps.