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I compiled a list of error and improvements for the last part of question 2 in physics paper 3. Only the first one you can use everywhere, as long as the question requires taking any type of measurement at all. These are all from the past papers marking schemes. These could be helpful if you're running out of time and had memorized these before, but please make sure these error and improvements fit the question!


1. Error: Two readings not enough to support the conclusion
Improvement: Take more sets of readings and plot a graph.
(This one works everywhere. Memorize this!)

2. Error: Large uncertainty in measured quantity because quantity is too small (like when measuring the thickness of an object)
Improvement: improved method to calculate this quantity like taking more readings at different parts of the object and dividing by number of readings for an average.

3. Error: Friction with surface (apply to any object that you have to pull on a surface)
Improvement: apply lubricant to surface

4. Error: (only when newton meter used horizontally!) Zero error on newton meter when used horizontally.
Improvement: adjust vertical arrangement of newton meter.

5. Error: (Keeping an object at certain height with your hands for a long time) keeping "object" at a certain height difficult
Improvement: use a clamp/tape.
ELECTRICITY:

6. Error: Voltmeter scale not sensitive enough/not precise enough
Improvement: Use a digital voltmeter/use a voltmeter that reads to 0.01 V.

7. Error: Wire not straight/wire kinked (coils) / difficulty in keeping wire straight
Improvement: Tape wire to a ruler/ clamp wire.

8. Error: Contact resistance/fluctuating ammeter or voltmeter readings
Improvement: Sand the crocodile clips to clean them/ tighten clips

OSCILLATIONS

9. Error: Difficult to judge start/center/ end of swing / complete swing
Improvement: use fiducial marks/pointer

10. Error: large uncertainty in time / time taken too short
Improvement: use video and timer that captures frame by frame video

11. Error: Object does not travel in a straight line
Improvement: Method of guiding object to travel in a straight line

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

12: Error: (when measuring degrees in an experiment that's suspended in the air like the degrees between a rubber band when stretched) difficult to hold protractor steady
Improvement: project image of the rubber band onto a screen.

13: Error: applying a force on the object when releasing it
Improvement: use an electromagnet to release the object so it falls/moves on a slope or surface under the force of its own weight.
 
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1. Error: Two readings not enough to support the conclusion
Improvement: Take more sets of readings and plot a graph.
(This one works everywhere. Memorize this!)

wrong!
by graph find TWO values of k and COMPARE (in most cases as there are two values of k to compare)
 
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I compiled a list of error and improvements for the last part of question 2 in physics paper 3. Only the first one you can use everywhere, as long as the question requires taking any type of measurement at all. These are all from the past papers marking schemes. These could be helpful if you're running out of time and had memorized these before, but please make sure these error and improvements fit the question!


1. Error: Two readings not enough to support the conclusion
Improvement: Take more sets of readings and plot a graph.
(This one works everywhere. Memorize this!)

2. Error: Large uncertainty in measured quantity because quantity is too small (like when measuring the thickness of an object)
Improvement: improved method to calculate this quantity like taking more readings at different parts of the object and dividing by number of readings for an average.

3. Error: Friction with surface (apply to any object that you have to pull on a surface)
Improvement: apply lubricant to surface

4. Error: (only when newton meter used horizontally!) Zero error on newton meter when used horizontally.
Improvement: adjust vertical arrangement of newton meter.

5. Error: (Keeping an object at certain height with your hands for a long time) keeping "object" at a certain height difficult
Improvement: use a clamp/tape.
ELECTRICITY:

6. Error: Voltmeter scale not sensitive enough/not precise enough
Improvement: Use a digital voltmeter/use a voltmeter that reads to 0.01 V.

7. Error: Wire not straight/wire kinked (coils) / difficulty in keeping wire straight
Improvement: Tape wire to a ruler/ clamp wire.

8. Error: Contact resistance/fluctuating ammeter or voltmeter readings
Improvement: Sand the crocodile clips to clean them/ tighten clips

OSCILLATIONS

9. Error: Difficult to judge start/center/ end of swing / complete swing
Improvement: use fiducial marks/pointer

10. Error: large uncertainty in time / time taken too short
Improvement: use video and timer that captures frame by frame video

11. Error: Object does not travel in a straight line
Improvement: Method of guiding object to travel in a straight line

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

12: Error: (when measuring degrees in an experiment that's suspended in the air like the degrees between a rubber band when stretched) difficult to hold protractor steady
Improvement: project image of the rubber band onto a screen.

13: Error: applying a force on the object when releasing it
Improvement: use an electromagnet to release the object so it falls/moves on a slope or surface under the force of its own weight.
BTW thanks for compilation :)
 
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The Q2 of As Physics practical often has this type of question
(ii) Justify the number of significant figures that you have given for your values of k.
Please can anyone explain me this question.
 
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BTW thanks for compilation :)

No problem. Also, the first error and improvement is completed correct. This was also used before the examiners started to introduce "use two values of K and compare" I just checked over 25 marking schemes. Every single one allowed the use of the first error. of course, you still gotta keep in mind the question itself when writing it down. However in later years, 2012+ along with " take more sets of readings and plot a graph" it ALSO says " OR use a graph to find two values of K to compare".
Just keep in mind nobody should ever use PARRALEX ERROR AND HUMAN ERROR. You won't get a mark for this, ever.
 
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The Q2 of As Physics practical often has this type of question
(ii) Justify the number of significant figures that you have given for your values of k.
Please can anyone explain me this question.
I second that. Need some help with this question myself.
 
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sadiaali Jassim
you can find the answer in the booklet.
page number 12: section 2.1.3
You can see in the table on pg.4 that 1/I is calculated from I. I has 2 significant figures so
does I/I as it was calculated from it. On other hand, if I were to calculate resistance from p.d
and current, and the p.d was up to 2 significant figures while current was up to 3 significant
figures I could not write Resistance up to 3 significant figures. This is because the least
value of significant figures used in calculation are 2; Therefore answer can't be of more than
2 significant figures
 
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